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执行”npm run dev
“ 命令的时候可以看到最先执行的是build/dev-server.js文件,所以就从dev-server.js
文件开始分析吧,这在里mark一下,算是学习记录,也顺便跟大家分享一下。
dev-server.js分析
检查node和npm的版本
require('./check-versions')()
获取config目录的默认配置,并且会默认指定index.js文件
var config = require('../config')
if (!process.env.NODE_ENV) process.env.NODE_ENV = config.dev.env
var path = require('path')
var express = require('express')
var webpack = require('webpack')
一个可以强制打开浏览器并跳转到指定 url 的插件
var opn = require('opn')
http-proxy可以实现转发所有请求代理到后端真实API地址,以实现前后端开发完全分离;
使用 proxyTable
var proxyMiddleware = require('http-proxy-middleware')
根据 Node 环境来引入相应的 webpack 配置
var webpackConfig = process.env.NODE_ENV === 'testing'
? require('./webpack.prod.conf')
: require('./webpack.dev.conf')
// default port where dev server listens for incoming traffic
var port = process.env.PORT || config.dev.port
// Define HTTP proxies to your custom API backend
// https://github.com/chimurai/http-proxy-middleware
var proxyTable = config.dev.proxyTable
var app = express()
var compiler = webpack(webpackConfig)
var devMiddleware = require('webpack-dev-middleware')(compiler, {
publicPath: webpackConfig.output.publicPath,
stats: {
colors: true,
chunks: false
}
})
var hotMiddleware = require('webpack-hot-middleware')(compiler)
// force page reload when html-webpack-plugin template changes
compiler.plugin('compilation', function (compilation) {
compilation.plugin('html-webpack-plugin-after-emit', function (data, cb) {
hotMiddleware.publish({ action: 'reload' })
cb()
})
})
// proxy api requests
Object.keys(proxyTable).forEach(function (context) {
var options = proxyTable[context]
if (typeof options === 'string') {
options = { target: options }
}
app.use(proxyMiddleware(context, options))
})
// handle fallback for HTML5 history API
app.use(require('connect-history-api-fallback')())
// serve webpack bundle output
app.use(devMiddleware)
// enable hot-reload and state-preserving
// compilation error display
app.use(hotMiddleware)
// serve pure static assets
var staticPath = path.posix.join(config.dev.assetsPublicPath, config.dev.assetsSubDirectory)
app.use(staticPath, express.static('./static'))
module.exports = app.listen(port, function (err) {
if (err) {
console.log(err)
return
}
var uri = 'http://localhost:' + port
console.log('Listening at ' + uri + '\n')
opn(uri)
})
process.env.NODE_ENV
获取系统环境变量,在config/pro.env.js和config/dev.env.js中定义好的。
pro.env.js
module.exports = {
NODE_ENV: '"production"',
API_ROOT: '"//127.0.0.1/api"'
}
dev.env.js
var merge = require('webpack-merge')
var prodEnv = require('./prod.env')
module.exports = merge(prodEnv, {
NODE_ENV: '"development"',
API_ROOT: '"//127.0.0.1/api"'
})
从代码中看到,dev-server使用的webpack配置来自build/webpack.dev.conf.js文件(测试环境下使用的是build/webpack.prod.conf.js,这里暂时不考虑测试环境)。而build/webpack.dev.conf.js中又引用了webpack.base.conf.js,所以这里我先分析webpack.base.conf.js。
webpack.base.conf.js
webpack.base.conf.js主要完成了下面这些事情:
- 配置webpack编译入口
- 配置webpack输出路径和命名规则
- 配置模块resolve规则
- 配置不同类型模块的处理规则